شرح قاعدة Unit seven للصف الحادي عشر

Unit seven



Wh - questions


They are questions which begins with one of the relative pronouns


(who,whom,what,which,where,when,why,which,whose,wh at kind of,how,how many,how often,how much)



Who


1- Ali was at school.


Who was at school ?


2- People are traveling everywhere.


Who is traveling everywhere?


3-Students speak English fluently.


Who speaks English fluently ?

ملاحظة: دائما بعد who الفعل مفرد

4- The doctors have treated the patients at last .


Who has treated the patients at last ?

لاحظنا أن الخط كان تحت الكلمة الأولى في الجملة لذلك استعملنا كلمة السؤال ثم أفردنا الفعل ومن ثم أكملنا الجملة كما هي.

whom

أما إذا لم تكن الكلمة التي تحتها خط في أول الجملة فننا ننظر إلى الفعل فإذا كان من الأفعال المساعدة فننا نجري عملية قلب بين الفعل المساعد والفاعل
وإذا كان من الأفعال الرئيسية فإننا نستخدم
1- does إذا كان الفعل مضارع معه s مع حذف ال s
2- do إذا كان الفعل مضارع بدون s
3- Did إذا كان الفعل ماضيا مع إرجاع الفعل إلى الinfinitive (مجرد)

1- Someone asked Sami to help him.


Whom did someone ask Sami to help?


2- Rami writes a letter to me.


Whom does Rami write a letter to ?


3- I had phoned my friend .


Whom had you phoned ?


what




1-The bag is on the table .


What is on the table?


2- The vet has examined the sheep .


What has the vet examined ?


3- The lion ate the meat.


What did the lion eat ?




Where


1- I live in Nablus.


Where do you live ?


2- They usually take their breakfast at the restaurant.


Where do they usually take their breakfast?


3- The woman washes the clothes at home.


Where does the woman wash the clothes?


When


1- It's very cold in winter .


When is it very cold?


2- The school opens in August.


When does the school open ?


3- I went to Canada last summer .


When did you go to Canada ?


Why


1- He left the city to live in a village .


Why did he leave the city ?


2- Mary was tired because she worked hard .


Why was Mary tired ?


3- We came here in order to study .


Why did they come here ?





How


1- The boys entered the room in a hurry.


How did the boys enter the room ?


2- The couples are walking slowly.


How are the couples walking ?



whose




Whose : for possessive


('s , my , her , his ,its , their , our , your )


في حالة وجود الخط تحت أي من الضمائر السابقة نستعمل whose 1- I saw Ali's car .


Whose car did you see?

لاحظ : استعملنا whose لان الخط تحت ما يدل على التملك واستملنا الكلمة التي بعد ضمير التملك ثم اتبعنا الطريق الاعتيادية لإكمال السؤال.


2- We live in his apartment.


Whose apartment do we live in?


3- The man can borrow their car .


Whose car can the man borrow?


How

كيف How :

1- Cotton is grown in rows.


How is cotton grown ?

لاحظ : ما تحته خط يدل على الكيفية وهي كيفية زراعة القطن

2- The boys rushed into the class in a hurry .


How did the boys rush into the class ?


3- Huda speaks English fluently.


How does Huda speak English?


4- He replies with a smile.


How does he reply ?


5- They work like slaves.


How do they work?


How often


تستخدم للسؤال عن التكرار عند وجود ظروف التكرار المحددة وغير المحددة.
أمثلة على التكرار المحدد everyday, every year ,five times.

أمثلة على التكرار غير المحدد always,often,sometimes never,ususlly.


1- Muslims pray five times.


How often do Muslims pray?


2- we never went to America.


How often did we go to America?


3-The teacher always asks the students to write the lesson.


How often does the teacher ask the students to write the lesson?


How many

تستخدم للسؤال عن المعدود ويكون الخط تحت رقم أو ما يدل على المعدود.
اسم معدود يأتي بعد how many 1- We bought six cars.

How many cars did we buy?


2- I can speak many ********s.


How many ********s can you speak?



How much

تستخدم للسؤال عن غير المعدود مثل little , a little , less

1- we found a little money.


How much money did they find?


2- Ali has less patience than Fuad.


How much patience does Ali have than Fuad?


How long

تستخدم للسؤال عن طول الفترة الزمنية.
مثالtwo monthsall the day /all the morning /all the evening/ five hours/


1- I have been waiting him all the evening.


How long have you been waiting him ?


2- We drove in the desert for ten hours


How long did they drive in the desert ?




Which

تستخدم which عندما يكون الخط تحت الصفة .

1- Ali is wearing a red tie.


Which tie is Ali wearing?


2- My brother carried the big box.


Which box did your brother carry ?


3- I am helping the beautiful girl.


Which girl are you helping ?



What kind of


تستخدم للسؤال عن النوع

1- My father works in a vocational school .


What kind of schools does your father work in ?


2- She owned a flour shop.


What kind of shops did she own ?



What-------do

تستخدم عندما يكون الخط تحت الفعل
نستعمل doing عندما يكون الفعل مستمرا أي معه ing
نستعمل done عندما يكون الفعل تصريف ثالث (past participle)


1- The teacher will punish him if he comes late .


What will the teacher do if he comes late.


2- The man has painted the wall .


What has the man done ?


3- They are playing football.


What are they doing ?




Ask a question about the underlined word.


1-Pupils study in the library.


2-The teacher will punish him if he came late.


3-Women pay a lot of money for clothes.


4-I'm going to buy summer clothes.


5-The pupils got into the classroom one by one.


6- She did the work last night.


7-I borrowed Ahmed's newly published book.


8-He sailed early this morning


9-I prefer the green shirt.


10-The injured child traveled abroad to look for better treatment.


11-We ought to pray five times a day.


12-Engineershave built houses for farmers.


13-I lost the small bag.




Tag Questions



يسمى هذا النوع من الأسئلة بالأسئلة القصيرة
حيث أن الفعل المثبت ينفى والمنفي يثبت.
يوجد عدة قواعد :
1- وجود الأفعال المساعدة كما يلي

am Ûaren't


am not Ûam


isÛ isn’t


are Ûaren't


was Ûwasn’t


were Ûweren't



has+(past participle) Û hasn’t


have+(past participle) Û haven't


had +(past participle) Û hadn’t



can Û cant


will Û won't


shall Û shan't


must Û mustn't
********

1- وجود أفعال رئيسية حيث نستعمل :
· إذا كان الفعل مضارعا معه s نستعمل doesn’t
· إذا كان الفعل مضارعا بدون s نستعمل don’t
· إذا كان الفعل ماضيا نستعمل didn’t

2- الشواذ
· فعل الأمر منفي أو مثبت نستعمل will you
· وجود let's نستعمل shall we
4- has,have,had)+noun) تعتبر أفعال رئيسية
adjective


Add Tag question:
1- Ali is a good boy ,……isn’t he…………………………………………?
2- Sami isn’t nice ,……is he………………………………………………?
3-We can move now, ……can't we………………………………..……..?
4- Iam a teacher , ………aren't I…………………………………………?
5- Iam not a pilot, ……am I…………?
6- The women have washed the clothes, …haven’t they……………..?
7- The little girl plays football, …doesn't she……..?
8- The teachers always ask students questions,…don't they……….?
9- He drove his car fast ,…didn't he………?
Add Tag question:
1- We read the poem yesterday,…………didn’t we……………………?
2-The news is interesting , …………isn’t it……………………………….?
3- Let's go out ,…………………………shall we…………………..……….?
4- They will leave tomorrow,……………won"t they……………….………….?
5- I'm always impatient, ………………aren’t you………………….…………?
6-The door keeper shut the door,………didn’t he……………..…………?
7-The boy has got a present from his mother,……hasn’t he………….…..?
8- The boy had a bike,……………………didn’t he………………………..?
9-Sami cut his finger,…………………didn’t he…………………..………?
10-Open the door,…………………………will you………………………..?
11- Don't open the door,………………will you……………………………?
12- The athletes trained very well,……………didn’t they…………….?
13- It was difficult to succeed as an athlete ,……wasn’t it………………?
14- You broke several world records, ……………didn’t you……………….?
15- The Olympic Games were exciting,…… ……weren’t they………….?
16- I am not sure that he is at home…. is he……………………..?
17- I don’t think he speaks English,…………does he………………………?
18- You were one of the best,………………weren’t you……………………?


Negative question.
We often use negative questions like tag questions to check information when we are not sure about the facts .
نستعمل هذا النوع من الأسئلة عندما نكون غير متأكدين من الحقائق.
You come from Manchester , don't you ?
Don't you come from Manchester?
Change the following interview questions to tag questions which fall at the end .
1- Are you fourteen?.
………You are fourteen, aren't you ?

حولنا السؤال إلى جملة خبرية ثم أضفنا السؤال القصيرtag question
2- Have you got two sisters?
I have got two sisters …..havent I …..?
3- Do you study French?
I study French … don’t I?
4- Are you interested in athletes?
Iam interested in athletes ….Arent you …/
5- Does your uncle own a shop?
My uncle owns a shop …..doesnt he ?
6- Is your house near the post office?
My house is near the post office ….isnt it …/



Make each question negative question
1- You know Ali, don't you ?
…Don't you know Ali ?
2- He's in your class , isn't he?
…………………………………………………………….
3- He plays in the basket ball team ,isn’t he?
.................................................. .................... ..............
4- They won the cup, dint they?
…………………………………………………………….
5- Ali lives near the post office, doesn’t he?
…………………………………………………………….
6- He's got two sisters, hasn’t he ?
……………………………………………………………

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